{"id":563,"date":"2026-02-23T16:36:06","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T15:36:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/?p=563"},"modified":"2026-06-28T10:04:38","modified_gmt":"2026-06-28T08:04:38","slug":"incoterms-rules","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/hasznos\/incoterms-szabalyok\/","title":{"rendered":"Incoterms Rules"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Incoterms<\/strong> (International Commercial Terms) is a set of international trade rules developed by the International Chamber of Commerce. It defines the relationship between the seller and the buyer and the allocation of risk. More specifically:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Who pays for the various parts of the shipment,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When does the risk transfer,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>who handles customs clearance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>who takes out insurance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The currently valid version is <strong>Incoterms 2020<\/strong>.<br>Official information: <a href=\"https:\/\/iccwbo.org\/business-solutions\/incoterms-rules\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">ICC Incoterms Rules<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A Brief Overview of All Incoterms 2020 Rules<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Can be used for any mode of transportation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>Abbreviation<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Name<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>The Essence<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>EXW<\/strong><\/td><td>Ex Works<\/td><td>The seller only makes the goods available at its own premises. Almost all costs and risks are borne by the buyer.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>FCA<\/strong><\/td><td>Free Carrier<\/td><td>The seller delivers the goods to the buyer's carrier at a specified location.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CPT<\/strong><\/td><td>Carriage Paid To<\/td><td>The seller pays for shipping to the destination, but the risk passes to the buyer earlier.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CIP<\/strong><\/td><td>Carriage and Insurance Paid To<\/td><td>It's like CPT, but the seller also takes out insurance.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>DAP<\/strong><\/td><td>Delivered at Place<\/td><td>The seller will deliver the goods to the specified location without unloading them.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>DPU<\/strong><\/td><td>Delivered at Place, Unloaded<\/td><td>The seller will deliver the goods to the specified location AND unload them.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>DDP<\/strong><\/td><td>Delivered Duty Paid<\/td><td>The seller takes care of almost everything: shipping, customs, and taxes. The seller bears the greatest responsibility.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>For maritime transport only&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>Abbreviation<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Name<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>The Essence<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>FAS<\/strong><\/td><td>Free Alongside Ship<\/td><td>The seller places the goods next to the ship at the port.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>FOB<\/strong><\/td><td>Free On Board<\/td><td>The seller loads the goods onto the ship.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CFR<\/strong><\/td><td>Cost and Freight<\/td><td>The seller pays for the ocean freight, but the risk passes to the buyer upon loading onto the ship.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CIF<\/strong><\/td><td>Cost, Insurance, and Freight<\/td><td>Like CFR, but the seller also takes out insurance.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The most commonly used ones are simply<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>EXW \u2013 \u201eCome Get It\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The salesperson simply prepares the merchandise.<br>The buyer is responsible for organizing:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>loading,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>export,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>transport,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>import,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>customs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The seller's liability is minimal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>FCA \u2013 \u201eI\u2019ll hand it over to the carrier\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is a very common rule in B2B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The seller:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>export customs clearance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hands it over to the carrier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The buyer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pays for the main shipment,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>handles import customs clearance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;In practice, it's often better than EXW.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>FOB \u2013 A Classic of the Seas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The seller is liable as long as the goods are on board the ship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the risk is borne by the buyer,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>But the seller might still pay for shipping (under different rules).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>CIF \u2013 with insurance included<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The seller:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pays for shipping by sea,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>takes out insurance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, the risk passes to the buyer as soon as the goods are loaded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DAP \u2013 \u201eI\u2019ll Deliver It to Your Door\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The seller:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>arranges for the entire shipment to the destination.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The buyer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>import duties,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pays taxes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DDP \u2013 \u201eI\u2019ll Take Care of Everything\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The seller:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>delivers,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>customs clearance (both exports and imports),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>is taxed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>delivers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;It's the easiest for the buyer, but the most burdensome for the seller.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What should you keep in mind?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Risk \u2260 cost<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, in the case of CIF\/CPT:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The seller pays,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>but the risk may already have passed to the buyer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>You must specify an exact location<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201eDAP Budapest\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201eFCA Hamburg Port\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201eEXW Gy\u0151r\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The more accurate, the better.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We've compiled the most relevant Incoterms rules for you in a simple, easy-to-understand way.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":591,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"both","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":301,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hasznos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=563"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":750,"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/563\/revisions\/750"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huni.gainmoredigital.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}